Sickle Cell Trait

Table of contents

What is Sickle Cell Trait?

Sickle cell trait occurs when a person has one copy of the sickle cell gene and a copy of a normal hemoglobin gene. People who have sickle cell trait are sometimes called carriers and mostly are asymptomatic.

Among individuals with ancestral roots in regions of the world traditionally affected by malaria (South Asia, Southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Caribbean), the prevalence of the gene for sickle cell disease may be as high as 1 in 4 or 25% of the population.

Overexertion and Sickle Cell Trait

Recent studies have shown that individuals with SCT, though they are generally healthy, need to be careful not to overstress themselves as severe dehydration and overexertion can lead to serious health issues, including sudden death.

Authorities such as the American Society of Haematology do recommend global preventative strategies for all athletes, including ensuring adequate hydration and appropriate rest breaks.

Can I Catch Sickle Cell Trait?

No, unlike flu or HIV, you do not catch SCT. All sickle cell conditions are inherited, just like blood types, hair, and eye color.

How Will I Know if I Have Sickle Cell Trait?

You will need to ask your family doctor for a requisition to the laboratory for hemoglobin electrophoresis testing. This test is covered by all provincial health plans in Canada and will therefore be provided without charge.

The result of the test may show sickle cell trait (SCT) or some other hemoglobin variant. Your family doctor will discuss the significance of the result with you and if necessary refer you to a specialist for additional follow-up.

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